Valorización de un residuo industrial procedente de la industria papelera como material puzolánico

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Fecha de lectura 12-03-200

Waste clay materials as pozzolanic additions

En: 1st Spanish National Conference on Advances in Materials Recycling and Eco – Energy Madrid, 12-13 November 2009.-- Editors: F. A. López, F. Puertas, F. J. Alguacil and A. Guerrero.-- 4 pages, 3 figures.The building materials industries have made improvements in manufacturing processes. However, with the implementation of quality systems, more compliance, with new standard more restrictive, and especially by the competition between products, it is inevitable that industries deemed a rejection of material unsuitable for marketing or materials waste. The wastes from the ceramic industry (ceramic waste) may have characteristics suitable for use as pozzolanic materials, as it is known that the first materials used as pozzolans were heat-treated clays, material like clay products.This research was funded by a Science and Technology Commission (CICYT) (Research Project AMB96-1095).Peer reviewe

Use of coal mining waste as pozzolanic material in new blended cement matrixes

Research and eco-innovation geared to obtain alternative sources of raw materials from waste constitute pathways for enhancing the competitiveness of resource-intensive industries. Cement and concrete manufacture calls for new sources of new, highly pozzolanic products to improve the mechanical properties and durability of the resulting matrices, while at the same time reducing production costs and environmental impact. Spanish coal mining wastes generated in the extraction and washing steps from a mine in the Castilla-León region were investigated. Mineralogically, these wastes are composed by kaolinite (20-30%), illite (45-70%) and quartz (5-15). This composition is very interesting in order to activate, by controlled thermal activation, the present kaolinite that generates metakaolin, a highly pozzolanic product. Morphological, textural and microstructural changes affect the activity and reactivity of activated wastes. These first studies open up a new research line, practically unknown to the international research community, and stand out the important economic and environmental benefits associated with the recycling of these wastes as supplementary cementing materials for future commercial blended cements.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Una mirada prospectiva de la industria Risaraldense camino a la industria 4.0 : plan tecnológico 2020–2030 Centro de Diseño e Innovación Tecnológico Industrial

Se presenta el plan tecnológico del Centro de Diseño e Innovación Tecnológico Industrial del SENA para la vigencia 2002 - 2030. Comprende el análisis y diagnóstico de la industria risaraldense, sus necesidades y tendencias, con enfoque a la industria 4.0. Se provee información para: identificar tecnologías y ocupaciones emergentes que permitan anticipar la definición de perfiles de instructores, determinar requerimientos de modernización de infraestructura física y tecnológica del Centro de formación, actualizar, crear o eliminar programas de formación, establecer el tipo de formación, servicios tecnológicos e innovación que el centro de formación ofrecerá en un horizonte de 10 años e identificar los proyectos y actores estratégicos para el centro de formación.The technological plan of the SENA Industrial Technological Design and Innovation Center for the period 2002-2030 is presented. It includes the analysis and diagnosis of the Risaralda industry, its needs and trends, with a focus on industry 4.0. Information is provided to: identify emerging technologies and occupations that allow anticipating the definition of instructor profiles, determine modernization requirements of the physical and technological infrastructure of the Training Center, update, create or eliminate training programs, establish the type of training, services technology and innovation that the training center will offer over a 10-year horizon and identify projects and strategic actors for the training center.Fase I: análisis y diagnóstico estratégico -- Análisis externo del centro de formación -- Análisis interno del centro de formación -- Seguimiento al plan tecnológico inmediatamente anterior -- Cruce DOFA -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad energía eléctrica -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad electrónica y automatización -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Mecánica Industrial -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Informática, diseño y desarrollo de software -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad materiales para la industria -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Automotor -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Textil, confección y diseño -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad construcción e infraestructura -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva servicios tecnológicos -- Fase II: formulación estratégica -- Mapa de trayectoria tecnológica -- Validación con expertos -- Construcción de escenarios -- Formulación estratégica -- Métodos prospectivos utilizados -- Formulación estratégica -- Fase III: recomendaciones estratégicas -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad energía eléctrica -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad electrónica y automatización -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad mecánica industrial -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad Informática, diseño y desarrollo de software -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad materiales para la industria -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad Automotor -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad Textil, confección y diseño -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad construcción e infraestructura -- Recomendaciones estratégicas Sennova -- Servicios tecnológicos -- Introducción e información general -- Planteamiento de la necesidad u oportunidad -- Objetivos -- Desarrollo de la vigilancia científico-tecnológica -- Resultados de vigilancia tecnológica con base en análisis de patentes -- Identificación de tecnologías y sublíneas tecnológicas -- Comportamiento de los aceros -- Vigilancia normativa y regulatoria -- Vigilancia tecnológica -- Vigilancia competitiva -- Vigilancia comercial -- Resultados -- Conclusiones y recomendacionesna556 página

Novedades en el reciclado de materiales en el sector de la construcción: adiciones puzolánicas

Comunicación presentada en las II Jornadas de Investigación en Construcción: "60 años de Informes de la Construcción", celebradas los pasados 22, 23 y 24 de mayo de 2008 en el Instituto "Eduardo Torroja" de Ciencias de la Construcción (IETCC-CSIC) de Madrid.La generación de residuos ha aumentado considerablemente en los últimos años, existiendo una clara correlación entre la riqueza de un país y su producción de residuos. Anualmente, se producen en la Unión Europea 2.000 millones de toneladas de residuos, cantidad que aumenta cada año en un porcentaje aproximado del 10%. Sin embargo, existe la posibilidad de incorporar estos residuos, sobre todo los industriales, en los procesos productivos de las industrias, hecho que además de suponer un ahorro económico, supone un beneficio medioambiental, que ayudará a que se cumpla la normativa vigente referente al medioambiente. Dentro de la amplia gama de industrias presentes en nuestro país, una de las que presenta una mayor capacidad de absorber distintos residuos y subproductos industriales es la industria cementera que, desde hace años, está incorporando estos materiales en las diferentes etapas de su proceso de producción.En este sentido, este trabajo se centra en el estudio de tres residuos industriales, como son el cascote cerámico, material de desecho procedente de productos cerámicos, los catalizadores gastados de craqueo catalítico y los lodos de papel procedentes de la industria papelera. Además se realiza un estudio comparativo con dos de los productos puzolánicos normalizados más empleados en la fabricación de cementos comerciales: humo de sílice (D) y ceniza volante silícea (V).Peer reviewe

Thermal activation of a paper waste as pozzolan for the manufacture of cements

En: 1st Spanish National Conference on Advances in Materials Recycling and Eco – Energy Madrid, 12-13 November 2009.-- Editors: F. A. López, F. Puertas, F. J. Alguacil and A. Guerrero.-- 4 pages, 1 figure, 5 tables.The present work describes the study of a paper waste generated by the paper industry, activated at different temperatures. The results obtained show that these wastes once activated have pozzolanic properties and confirm the scientific and technical viability of the use of this kind of wastes as active additions for the manufacture of Portland cements, according to the current standard.The present study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science under research project (CTM2006-12551-CO3).Peer reviewe

On the Adsorption of Cerium(III) Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

© 2020 by the authors.Commercially available oxidized (carboxylic groups) and nonoxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes were studied as adsorbents of cerium(III) in batch operation mode. Several variables affecting the rare earth adsorption were investigated, including: the stirring speed applied to the system, the pH of the solution, and the metal concentration and carbon dosages. Although the removal of cerium from the solution is different and dependent upon the adsorbent type—(i) adsorption in nonoxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes, (ii) cation exchange in the case of using oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes—the adsorption kinetics, the rate law and the isotherm models are the same for both adsorbents: pseudo-second order, film diffusion, and Langmuir Type-1, respectively. Cerium is desorbed from loaded adsorbents using acidic solutions.This research has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 776851 (CarEService).Peer reviewe

Oxidized and Non-Oxidized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Materials for Adsorption of Lanthanum(III) Aqueous Solutions

© 2020 by the authors.The behavior of oxidized and non-oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the adsorption of lanthanum(III) from aqueous solutions is described. Metal uptake is studied as a function of several variables such as the stirring speed of the system, pH of the aqueous solution and metal and nanomaterial concentrations. The experimental results are fitted to various kinetic and isotherm models, the rate law being fitted to the film diffusion and particle diffusion models, when the non-oxidized and the oxidized nanomaterials are used to remove lanthanum from the solution, respectively. Sulfuric acid solutions seem to be appropriate to recover the metal from La-loaded nanomaterials.This research has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 776851 (CarEService).Peer reviewe

Influence of Activation Temperature on Reaction Kinetics in Recycled Clay Waste–Calcium Hydroxide Systems

Obtaining pozzolanic materials from recycling of industrial waste and byproducts is a priority action of environmental policy all over the world. This paper describes the effect of activation conditions on the reaction kinetics in calcined clay waste (CCW)/calcium hydroxide systems. The CCW used in this work shows excellent qualities for use as supplementary cementing material in the manufacture of commercial blended cements. This research work presents an exhaustive study about the kinetics of a pozzolanic reaction in this cementing system. The results obtained by different techniques (DTA/TG, X-ray diffraction, and SEM/EDAX) confirm that the activation conditions (in the range 700°–800°C and 2–5 h of retention) have a direct effect on the formation and evolution of hydrated phases. Low activation temperatures favor the CSH gels' formation, while at higher temperatures aluminates (C4AH13) and aluminum silicate hydrates (C4ASH8, hydrotalcites) are predominant.This work was financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (Project ref: MAT2003-06479-CO3, CTM2006-12551-CO3).Peer reviewe

Influence of the calcined paper sludge on the development of hydration heat in blended cement mortars

[EN] The present study is based on the influence of the addition of a pozzolanic material as a result of the activation of an industrial waste coming from the Spanish paper industry on the heating as well as hydration heat of the cement mortars made with 10 or 20% of active addition. Once the sludge has been calcined at different temperatures (700–800°C) and stays in furnace (2 and 5 h), the calcined products showed high pozzolanic activity. The maximum activity corresponded to the paper sludge calcined at 700°C for 2 h (S1). Besides, it can be proved that there was an increase both of the heating and also of the hydration heat in the first 23–25 h for both additions (10 and 20% of S1) regarding the reference cement mortar. This behaviour would be related to the influence of different effects: filler and pozzolanic during the first hours of reaction, and by the dilution effect for longer hydration times, mainly when 20% of S1 was added.Peer reviewe